For researchers interested in learning more about what foods to avoid while taking semaglutide, this is the right place.
Semaglutide is a peptide agonist of the GLP-1 receptor that is approved as a type 2 diabetes medication as well as for use in overweight and obesity.
Yet when administering semaglutide, researchers should ensure that their subjects follow a well-designed semaglutide diet plan, which avoids foods like:
- Saturated fats
- Processed meats
- Refined grains
- Fried foods
In this comprehensive guide, we help researchers understand how semaglutide works, how to design a semaglutide weight loss plan, and a complete list of foods that semaglutide research subjects should avoid.
We also share details about our most go-to supplier of research-grade semaglutide and other research chemicals for scientific investigation.
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What is Semaglutide?
Semaglutide is a synthetic peptide that shares 94% homology with the active form of the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). GLP-1 is a hormone naturally produced by the human gut to regulate the release of pancreatic hormones and help lower postprandial blood sugar [1, 2].
Similar to GLP-1, semaglutide is made of 31 amino acids but has several modifications, including an octadecanoic (C-18) diacid moiety. The modifications increase the peptide’s stability and prolong its half-life to up to seven days [3, 4].
As a GLP-1 analog, semaglutide mimics the hormone’s function and activates GLP-1 receptors throughout the body. As a result of its potent affinity and superior pharmacokinetics, semaglutide works to effectively lower blood sugar and improve glycemic control [3, 4].
Semaglutide is approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D) under the brand name Ozempic. The drug was also approved for reducing major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in T2D patients [5, 6].
Additionally, semaglutide is the only GLP-1 receptor with FDA approvals in both subcutaneous and tablet form. The oral formulation bears the brand name Rybelsus and is currently approved for T2D management only [1, 7].
Subcutaneous semaglutide is also available at 2.4mg/weekly (brand name Wegovy) for chronic weight management in nondiabetics. It was FDA-approved based on phase 3 trials showcasing its potent hunger-suppressing and satiety-promoting effects, having been found to induce weight loss of 9.6%–17.4% from baseline within 68 weeks in adults struggling with chronic weight issues [5].
The peptide is indicated for therapy in overweight or obese adults, in conjunction with a reduced calorie diet and increased physical activity, as well as in obese adolescents aged 12-17 [8].
Qualified researchers and authorized laboratory professionals may purchase semaglutide online for scientific purposes.
How Does Semaglutide Work?
Semaglutide exerts its therapeutic effects by activating the GLP-1 receptors in organs such as the pancreas, digestive system, adipose tissue, and central nervous system.
Research suggests that the peptide stimulates insulin production and suppresses glucagon production in a glucose-dependent manner to improve glycemic control [3]. It also slows gastric emptying by 38% after a meal and reduces postprandial glucose spikes [9].
Semaglutide likewise helps with appetite regulation by interacting with the GLP-1 receptors in the central nervous system, intestinal tissue, and adipose tissue. In the brain, the peptide directly activates neurons in the hypothalamus that promote satiety and reduce hunger [10].
Research also indicates that GLP-1 receptor agonists like semaglutide can help prevent the weight loss-associated decrease in free leptin production by adipose tissue and promote the synthesis of Peptide YY (3-36) by endocrine cells in the human small intestine, which may promote long-term appetite and body weight control [11].
Semaglutide for Weight Loss
Appetite suppression appears to be the main mechanism via which semaglutide induces weight loss.
In a 2021 trial in nondiabetics with obesity, semaglutide 2.4mg/weekly induced a 35% reduction in the subjects’ ad libitum (unrestricted) energy intake after just 20 weeks. The reduction was measured by offering the participants a test meal, of which the treatment group consumed only 415kcals compared to 640kcals for the controls. The subjects receiving semaglutide also lost 9.9% of their body weight, compared with a 0.4% weight loss in the placebo group [12].
Semaglutide for Fat Loss | STEP Program Data
Semaglutide’s FDA approval for weight loss and chronic weight management was based on the results of phase-3 trials conducted as a part of an ongoing clinical development program called STEP (Semaglutide Treatment Effect in People with Obesity), sponsored by semaglutide's patent holder Novo Nordisk [13].
The program consists of 10 trials (STEP 1-10), of which STEP 1-6 and STEP 8 are already published. All published trials to date demonstrate excellent weight loss outcomes using semaglutide [13].
STEP-1 is the largest trial to date and involved 1961 overweight and obese nondiabetics. The trial reported that 2.4mg/weekly semaglutide induced 14.9% weight loss within 68 weeks compared to a 2.4% weight reduction with placebo [14].
Another significant trial, STEP-5, lasted 104 weeks and revealed that 2.4mg/weekly semaglutide induced progressive weight loss of up to 12.6% higher than placebo over the first 60 weeks. The participants’ progress then hit a plateau but was maintained through the end of the trial [15].
In both trials, semaglutide and placebo were administered alongside low-calorie dietary intervention and other behavioral changes [14, 15].
Why Does a Semaglutide Diet Plan Matter?
Semaglutide is approved for weight loss as an adjunct to a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity [5].
This is because a proper diet is essential to a successful semaglutide weight loss plan. The peptide helps reduce energy intake by suppressing appetite and curbing cravings, but it does not necessarily help subjects make healthier food choices [12].
Without dietary intervention, subjects may choose high-calorie options and end up consuming more energy than what is optimal for maximizing healthy weight loss. Total energy consumption and the net energy balance are ultimately the main factors determining total weight loss in interventions [16, 17, 18, 19, 20].
Therefore, a proper semaglutide diet plan that prioritizes low-calorie, healthy, and sustainable dietary choices can enhance the peptide’s effectiveness and success in semaglutide weight loss research.
Foods to Avoid When Taking Semaglutide | Top 10
Researchers may consult the package inserts of the semaglutide medications Ozempic and Wegovy for details on foods to avoid due to potential food-drug interactions and whether to take semaglutide before, during, or after meals. Semaglutide does not appear to have any notable drug-food interactions, and it can be taken regardless of meal timing [21, 22].
Subjects must nonetheless adhere to a healthy weight loss diet during semaglutide research. This will help prevent nutritional deficiencies, promote overall health, and enhance the peptide’s weight loss effectiveness.
Keep reading to discover foods to avoid during semaglutide trials, and learn about their healthier alternatives.
Saturated Fats
Dietary fat is the most energy-dense nutrient, and high-fat foods are notorious for also being high in calories [23].
Consuming high amounts of dietary fat that is packed with saturated fatty acids has been linked to increased LDL (aka “bad”) cholesterol. Examples of high-fat foods rich in saturated fats include fatty meats, lard, butter, coconut oil, chocolate, and other confectionery [23].
High LDL is known as an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis, although research suggests that not all saturated fatty acids have the same effect and some may also increase HDL (aka “good” cholesterol) levels [23, 24].
Subjects should be advised to generally limit their intake of high-fat foods during semaglutide trials, especially those high in saturated fats. Subjects should instead opt for low calorie options such as lean meats, fish, and seafood.
Trans Fats
Foods containing trans fats are heavily processed and contain high amounts of calories. In addition to the high energy density of these foods, studies have shown that industrially made hydrogenated oils negatively affect both LDL and HDL cholesterol [25].
Since trans fats are extremely unhealthy, many manufacturers have replaced them with alternatives like saturated fat. Experts recommend always checking food labels for partially hydrogenated oils [25].
Foods known to contain trans fat include margarine, dough products and croissants, waffles, biscuits, cakes, cookies, rolls, pies, and non-dairy coffee creamers. Avoiding these high-calorie foods may help improve cholesterol levels while reducing the total energy intake of subjects receiving semaglutide.
Sugary Foods
Sugary foods are often high in calories and can thus contribute to weight gain and an increased risk of various health issues. The consumption of sugary foods has been associated with elevated levels of triglycerides, which is another risk factor for cardiovascular disease [26, 27].
Examples of sugary foods to be avoided during semaglutide trials include jams, jellies, candy, sweetened dairy, and sweetened breakfast cereals. Test subjects should instead opt for healthier alternatives like fresh fruits to help reduce overall calorie intake and promote better health outcomes.
Fried Foods
Fried foods are another energy-dense option that can contribute to increased total energy intake. Subjects should avoid foods like fried chicken, french fries, fried snacks, and deep-fried desserts during semaglutide experimentation.
Instead, subjects consume foods prepared with cooking methods like baking, grilling, or steaming to maintain the intake of fats within 20-35% of total energy intake [28].
Fruit Juices
While fruit juices may seem like a healthy choice, they often contain high amounts of natural or added sugars without the beneficial fiber found in whole fruits.
The concentrated sugars in fruit juices can lead to excessive calorie consumption without any benefit for satiety, thus hindering weight loss efforts. Subjects should opt for whole fruits instead, as they provide fiber and additional nutrients.
Refined Grains
Refined grains undergo processing that removes bran and germ, stripping away valuable nutrients and fiber. These grains are major ingredients in white bread, white rice, and refined pasta. Refined grains are rapidly digested, leading to spikes in blood sugar and a lack of sustained satiety, which may increase total energy intake [29].
Subjects should opt for whole grain options like whole wheat bread, brown rice, and whole grain pasta. These picks can provide more fiber, nutrients, and a slower release of energy.
Processed Meats
Processed meats like sausages, hot dogs, bacon, salami, and deli meats are often high in unhealthy fats, sodium, and additives. Their consumption has been associated with an increased risk of chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease and certain types of cancer [30].
The high-calorie content and low nutritional value of processed meats make them less desirable choices during weight loss trials. Instead, subjects should opt for lean protein sources like skinless poultry, fish, legumes, or tofu to meet their protein needs while promoting healthier and sustainable dietary patterns.
Alcohol
Although not technically a “food,” alcohol is high in calories and provides little nutritional value. Its consumption can contribute to increased energy intake, interfere with blood sugar control, and have detrimental effects on liver health [31]. Moreover, semaglutide may reduce the subject’s tolerance to alcohol [32].
Subjects should avoid or minimize alcohol intake by opting for low-calorie non-alcoholic alternatives. If alcohol is consumed, it should be done so in moderation, adhering to recommended guidelines and considering lower-calorie options like dry wines.
Sugary Beverages
Sugary beverages, including soda, fruit punch, sweetened tea, and energy drinks, are highly concentrated sources of added sugar. These beverages contribute to excess calorie intake and impede weight loss efforts.
Choosing unsweetened tea or water infused with natural flavors can help test subjects avoid ingesting empty calories and the negative health effects associated with sugary beverages. If sweetness is desired, zero-calorie sweeteners can be used in moderation.
Other Ultra-Processed Foods
This list already contains many ultra-processed foods, such as products that are fried, smoked, dried, or contain added sugar and added fat. [33]. Other ultra-processed foods include:
- Spreads, even if they contain mostly unsaturated fat
- Instant soups, sauces, and noodles
- Poultry and fish nuggets
- Mass-produced dough products such as croissants
- Potato chips (regardless of whether fried or baked) and other packaged snacks
Once again, the main reasons for avoiding these foods is their high energy content and low satiety index. Replacing these with healthier and low-calorie options can significantly lower total energy intake and help increase weight loss with semaglutide.
Is Semaglutide Safe?
Semaglutide has shown a favorable safety profile in the available scientific literature. Yet, researchers should note that GLP-1 receptor agonists like semaglutide have potential side effects, particularly gastrointestinal (GI) issues [34].
The STEP-1 trial reported that the maximum weekly dose of semaglutide (2.4mg) can lead to GI reactions such as nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, and constipation. According to the research, these events appear to be mild-to-moderate and self-limiting. Overall, they affected 74.2% of the semaglutide group, compared to 47.9% of the placebo [14].
Serious adverse events were reported in 9.8% of semaglutide participants, primarily due to hepatobiliary disorders. Gallbladder-related disorders, mainly gallstones, were observed in 2.6% of the semaglutide group. Mild acute pancreatitis was rare and self-limiting [14].
Research suggests that the increased risk of hepatobiliary issues associated with GLP-1 receptor agonists like semaglutide may be due to the effects of GLP-1 on cholecystokinin synthesis. GLP-1-RAs may inhibit cholecystokinin production, slowing gallbladder motility and delaying gallbladder emptying, thereby creating conditions for cholestasis [35].
Similar to other phase-3 human trials, STEP-1 did not find any increased risk of tumors or cancer. Nevertheless, semaglutide has been reported to cause thyroid C-cell carcinoma in rat studies and the peptide is accordingly contraindicated in subjects with a history of thyroid cancer or multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2 (MEN 2) [34].
The peptide is also contraindicated in pregnant and breastfeeding women [34].
Where to Buy Semaglutide Online? | 2024 Edition
Qualified researchers looking to purchase semaglutide for experimentation may legally obtain it from a reputable online vendor.
When procuring semaglutide for research, scientists should exercise caution and choose a trustworthy source, as not all sellers may offer legitimate, safe, or pure products.
Based on our experience with a handful of online peptide vendors, we highly recommend the following sources for their commitments to peptide quality and customer care:
Limitless Life
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Purchasing from this vendor comes with several advantages, including:
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Semaglutide Foods to Avoid | Verdict
Semaglutide is a potent GLP-1 receptor agonist that is FDA-approved as a treatment of type 2 diabetes and chronic weight issues.
Its weight loss effects are attributable to appetite suppression and the consequent reduction of energy intake in the subject. Those undertaking semaglutide peptide therapy should also adhere to a low-calorie diet to maximize their weight loss outcomes.
Experts recommend avoiding high calorie and potentially unhealthy foods such as fatty foods, sugary foods, refined grains, ultra-processed foods, alcohol, and sugary beverages.
Licensed researchers interested in conducting experiments with semaglutide should visit our top-rated vendor and supplier.